Has The Violence in MMA Taken Its Toll?

The death of mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter Sam Vasquez on November 30 sparked renewed fears and debate about the safety of the sport. In a sanctioned fight six weeks prior to his death, Vasquez was knocked unconscious by his opponent Vince Libardi. He reportedly had a stroke in hospital, suffered multiple blood clots in his brain, and never recovered from a coma.

MMA is a sport where fighters trained in multiple disciplines of martial arts such as karate, judo, kickboxing; wrestling and boxing are matched against one another in a bid to become the best overall combat artist. The free-for-all aspects of the sport, violence and intensity have contributed to its escalating popularity. Widespread acceptance in the mainstream has increased.

The sport was also banned in many states of the U.S. in its formative years before its first official government sanctioned fight staged in September 2000. Prior to the ban, MMA featured matches with a lack of definite rules, and competitors would often resort to underhand methods such as groin kicks, punches thrown to the back of the head and throat, and hair pulling to achieve their aims of winning. Since then, the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts have been implemented and adopted in various forms by organizations. A reduction of such fighting tactics has reduced relatively. One could say the introduction of rules have increased the protection of MMA fighters from dangerous techniques.

Sanctioned bouts in reality also provide another layer of protection for the sport’s participants. Promoters are required to purchase insurance for the fighters as medical cover in case of injuries arising from the fights. Ready on-scene medical aid is also a pre-requisite for sanctioning.

Many MMA fights feature brutality and gore of a graphic nature. Bloodshed can occur, and broken bones are often the result of enthusiastic and determined competitors. This nature of the sport has lent fuel to the arguments of MMA’s opponents who demand that it be banned. Some have compared MMA unfavorably to boxing, claiming that while the latter restricts punches to the head and body, MMA allows contact with most areas on a person except the most dangerous like the back of the head and neck. Unfortunately, they also fail to point out the other alternatives to win a MMA fight such as through submissions or tap-outs. These fights can sometimes see no punches or kicks landed.

The negative comparisons to boxing do not end there. In response to boxers facing hundreds of powerful punches to the head, its promoters say thick padded gloves are worn, while MMA fighters only wore light padded ones, which are designed more for grappling than for striking. What they did not mention was that boxing gloves were designed to protect boxers’ hands, due to the ferocity and quantity of punches they throw to knock an opponent out. On the other hand, MMA fighters can resort to other techniques to achieve victory, which do not necessitate forceful impact.

As of November 2007, the Manuel Vasquez Boxing Fatality Collection1 lists 1,465 deaths in boxing. MMA has only 2 documented deaths from fights, one sanctioned (Sam Vasquez) and the other from an unsanctioned fight in the Ukraine. While MMA might not have a rabid opponent collecting such official statistic as Manuel Vasquez, the large gap in numbers does make for a telling fact.

Another argument that lends weight to MMA’s dangerous nature being over exaggerated is the fact that its fights are structured to offer minimal sustained physical trauma to participants. Matches are either 3 or 5 rounds of 5 minutes each, depending on the nature of the fight. Again, competitors are allowed to tap-out, whereas in other sparring sports a win must either be achieved via knockout or points decision if fighters last the pace.

In 2006, the Journal of Sports Science and Medicine2 conducted a survey of the injury incidence rates in MMA relative to other combat sports in the state of Nevada, and found that while it was similar to others, the lower knockout rate in comparison to boxing also leads to less brain injuries (which is a common side-effect experienced by boxers as they age).

As long as the sport continues to improve its regulation and watch out for the safety of its competitors, MMA poses less danger than a sport like boxing. MMA fighters are also known to respect their opponents’ well being in the octagonal ring, and which winning via knockout is a possibility, it is never mandatory nor the primary aim of every MMA competitor. Just as any other sport that features levels of violence, the dangers of MMA will always be subjected to scrutiny. With a concerted effort by the community as a whole to always improve these aspects, MMA should remain a relatively safer combat style than most other established sports.


Footnotes:
1.Archive of the Manual Vasquez Boxing Fatality Collection by Joseph R. Svinth (http://ejmas.com/jcs/jcsart_svinth_a_0700.htm)
2.Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (http://www.jssm.org/combat/1/18/v5combat-18text.php)

The Champions of MMA – Fedor Emelianenko and Randy Couture

Within the Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) arena, there are two names, which commonly crop up in most discussions – Fedor Emelianenko and Randy Couture. These two fighters are widely acknowledged as the most popular fighters of their generation, with Fedor gaining global recognition and formally ranked as the overall top ranked MMA fighter in the world.

Ukrainian Fedor was born in 1976 into a family, which saw all 3 sons involved in MMA at varying levels. He specialized in the martial arts of Sambo, which was a combat style created in the old Soviet Union, and Judo, for which he won medals competing in the national championships of Russia. Despite lacking in natural strength and talent in his early years, Fedor more than made up with his dogged determination to improve and mental strength.

Due to his then financial situation, or lack of it, Fedor entered the MMA industry in 2000. He was just 25 years old then and trained in his formative MMA years as part of the Russian Top Team. This relationship eventually soured after winning the PRIDE Heavyweight title, where he first fought in 2002 at PRIDE 21. At PRIDE 25 in March, 2003, Fedor finally won his first Heavyweight title as a huge underdog against Antonio Rodrigo Nogueira. It was a unanimous decision and entered Fedor into the history books as only the second ever PRIDE Heavyweight Champion.

Throughout his blossoming MMA career, Fedor has only encountered one professional loss while garnering 27 wins and a single no contest. This happened against Tsuyoshi Kohsaka in 2000, on the back of a controversial incident where the fight was stopped due to an early injury to Fedor. Displaying his famed resolve and unrivaled fighting skills, the Ukrainian has since then remained unbeaten in all fights, including taking his revenge over Kohsaka a few years later in 2005 at PRIDE Bushido 6. His last professional victory came in April 2007 where he defeated Matt Lindland via an armbar submission at the Clash of the Nations BodogFIGHT.

In a display of his single-mindedness, Fedor has refused to join the UFC after its takeover of PRIDE. In protracted negotiations that saw both sides locked in a war of words, Fedor accused UFC President Dana White of hypocrisy. It was also possible that UFC contract demands of exclusive rights to all fighters’ brands and images did not sit well with the 2007 World Combat Sambo Champion. This endeared him further to fans as they looked up to Fedor going up against Dana, whom many felt had continually disrespected MMA fighters. Fedor has since signed to UFC competitor M1-Global, where his next scheduled fight would be on New Year’s Eve in Japan, against the man-giant Korean kick boxer, Hong-Man Choi.

Prior to this development, the UFC had tried to sign Fedor, as part of a bid to pit him against their current Heavyweight Champion, Randy Couture. While Fedor is regarded as the most popular MMA fighter worldwide, Randy Couture is the poster-boy of the UFC. An iconic figure of the organization and the top MMA exponent in the United States, Randy caught the imagination of MMA fans the world over when he captured the UFC Heavyweight title from Tim Sylvia. This came after his return from retirement and was achieved in difficult circumstances owing to his age (Couture was 43 then).

Randy’s legend has also solidified on the back of being the only UFC fighter in history to become a champion after entering its Hall of Fame. Widely regarded to be one of the most popular MMA fighters of all time, Randy has also cemented his fame by being the only UFC fighter to win titles in two different weight divisions, as well as the only person to win five UFC championships.

Randy has all the pre-requisites of an American sports star. He served his country in the U.S. Army, was an Olympic team representative and multiple college All-American. The U.S. fans love their patriots, and Randy Couture is a man many Americans can identify with.

To illustrate his enduring popularity with MMA fans - when Randy Couture announced his resignation from the UFC in October 2007, citing disgust with his treatment by the UFC and lack of justifiable financial reward, many fans leapt to his side. Fans felt that their champion had been dealt a bad hand as he received even less money compared to other UFC contestants such as Chuck Liddell. The UFC also offered Fedor a $10 million contract, which Randy could never hope to receive, even as their champion. His decision to resign has since then, prompted many industry observers to sound the death knell for the UFC.

Both Fedor Emelianenko and Randy Couture display all the characteristics of world-class champions – immense physical and mental resolve, dedication to their discipline, vast inner talent, and the personalities and charisma to match. While one rules the roost in his home country and current hotbed of MMA, the other has reached the pinnacle of the sport globally. The mark of champions burns brightly on both men.

Kids in Mixed Martial Arts

Parents have been searching for ways to control and discipline their children for centuries. They’ve tried everything from corporal punishment to time outs to V-Chips in television sets. Little did they know that the answer was residing in Randy Couture’s fists the entire time. That’s right, the seemingly barbaric sport seen on SpikeTV once a month could be one of the most effective solutions for parents looking for a way to give their children focus and confidence.

Generic “Karate” classes have been a cornerstone of youth athletics for quite some time, but with the recent upturn in MMA coverage and popularity, full service multi-discipline gyms are opening up for only the toughest kids. Just kidding. These gyms are open to children of all ages and experience levels. Additionally, MMA is one of the easiest sports to learn and maintain.

However, it probably isn’t a good idea to send your child to one of these gyms if you expect him to be the next Gracie or Hughes. Martial Arts Academies that specialize in working with children tend to focus just as much on discipline, time management, respect, and other life skills as they do on traditional self defense. More importantly, MMA for kids offers an alternative to coming home from school and doing nothing, or even worse, becoming involved with drugs, gangs, and alcohol. Granted, there are schools which are more competitive that do specialize in future professional fighters, but most focus on a more holistic education.

The “distraction” of an after-school program like a MMA class will instill all of the qualities you wish for you child to exhibit while being cool enough as a sport to stand up to peer assessment. There’s a marked difference in leaving school to work on your ground and pound as opposed to developing your chess game. Involving your child in MMA is a win-win situation for the child and adult. The child is allowed to save face with friends, learn a new skill, and feel better about himself while the adult knows the child is in good hands with a productive and positive after-school program.

Some detractors of the sport have pointed out the effects of teaching children violence. While professional wrestling has been blamed with deaths of many, MMA is a different sport and one in which violence is not glorified. However, if your child is enrolled in a school of any quality, it will be set out during the first session that the moves are not be used on the parent’s bed against a sibling. The moves are real, they are dangerous, and they are only meant to be used if there is no other alternative.

Mixed martial arts has been proven to motivate children towards better grades in school, increased attention span, and more success in other sports they play, let alone the obvious benefits of regular exercise and self-defense capabilities. So don’t just sit there! Use our Martial Art School Finder and enroll your child in a martial art school today!

EliteXC Heads Towards Top

After putting on an extremely successful partnership event with Strikeforce last month (Baroni v. Shamrock), EliteXC once again showed it deserves to hang with the big boys last week. UFC ex-patriots Robbie Lawler and Nick Diaz combined along with fighters such as Ninja Rua and Gina Carano (the sport's most popular female fighter) to put on a show which was recognized as having superior matchmaking and an excellent production value.

And with PRIDE's buyout, the IFL offering a very different form of MMA, and WEC being technically owned by Zuffa, it's easy to see why many herald EliteXC as the only real competition. The praise is well deserved, considering that their fighters rival the WEC and they've landed an exclusive deal with SHOWTIME, which seems to not have enough programming to fill their slots. The result? EliteXC on SHOWTIME at least once a day.

While it's still way too early to tell, if EliteXC can keep signing fighters (Sokoudjou, anyone?) and marketing the package properly (as an alternative to expensive, overhyped UFC programming), they should be able to effectively develop their niche in the world of MMA.

Which Schools Dominate The UFC?

As with any sport, the way to win has developed over time. In baseball, good pitching used to rule the day whereas now, teams rely on sluggers to pound the ball to victory. In basketball, quick passes and good defense used to win championships. Now, deadly shooting and high-flying moves do the trick. The same goes for a sport like Mixed Martial Arts. I've defined the sport into three main categories during its short history, with a different school of fighting dominating the game, eventually ending at the hybridized style we see from almost every fighter today.

It doesn't take an expert to figure out that Gracie Jiu Jitsu (a slight variation on classic Jiu Jitsu), as utilized by Royce Gracie, was the single most imposing force in early UFC. This style, based on joint locks and body control, was perfect for smaller fighters facing much larger and stronger opponents. Royce highlighted the style's strengths during a fight with Dan Severn, in which he submitted the man 70 pounds his heavier. And oh yeah, between 1993 and 1994, Gracie won 11 fights by submission and won the UFC 1, UFC 2, and UFC 4 tournaments. Most of these were against strictly boxers or strictly wrestlers, and Gracie's grappling technique proved to be superior.

Gracie's grappling, with a slight twist, ruled the Middle Ages of the UFC, manifested in Miletich Fighting Systems. Founded by former Light/Welterweight Pat Miletich, MFS incorporates BJJ (thanks, Gracie family), Sambo, Judo, and Boxing for a more improved Mixed Maertial Artist who is dangerous on his feet and the ground. We saw a changing of the guard at UFC 60 as MFSer Matt Hughes was able to take down Royce Gracie and then debilitate him with a BJJ move. It was beautiful in its irony, and signified that Royce's prowess on the ground was no longer enough to win a fight. MFS fighters, including Hughes (former Welterweight champ), Rich Franklin (former Middleweight champ), and Tim Sylvia (former Heavyweight champ) helped to make this fighting system (the first true hybrid) and extremely successful one until very recently.

Look closely at the previous paragraph and you'll notice that all the MFS guys are FORMER champs. What happened? Fighters like Rampage Jackson, Georges St. Pierre, and Chuck Liddell have become so adept at forcing other fighters to fight their fight that they don't need to hybridize. Of course, GSP is dangerous anywhere, but he can also control a fight to the point where if he wants it to go to the ground, that's where it goes. If he wants to stand up, take a guess where the fight is going to end... Liddell has perfected his sprawl to the point where he never goes down. His fights always stay on the feet which serve him well until...he comes upon a another guy who doesn't want to go to the ground, and is an even more dangerous striker. I used to say that the new UFC fighter is a perfectly balanced and hybridized figher who can adapt to any situation or opponent. I'd like to correct that statement. The NEW UFC fighter is the one who is a master at his craft and can make everyone else try to match his style. See: Sean Sherk, Matt Serra, Anderson Silva, Rampage Jackson, Randy Couture. They all have something in common and it's not the fact that they're champions.

The Ultimate Fighter Season 7

Dana White recently announced the contenders for TUF 7, and two things of note stood out immediately. One, the season will focus on Light Heavyweights, not the Middleweight division which is in such dire straits. However, this is another discussion for another article. The more important aspect of the new season to discuss is the fact that the roster features generally new fighters. Most of them have only been in 4 or 5 sanctioned MMA bouts compared to the well-traveled contestants of season's past.

This is a huge mistake on White's part as he will be taking away two elements that make the series what it is. First, since past contestants such as Michael Bisping (pictured) have held title belts in other organizations (like Cage Rage), they know their way around the Octagon, are able to put on professional and entertaining matches, and have some credentials to back up all the talking. Even so, you occasionally get a fighter like Danny Abbadi who, at least during the season, looked like he had never fought in an MMA bout in his life. Now, imagine if the entire season was composed of fighter's with similar skill levels. It would be a disaster, reminiscent of a Kimbo Slice YouTube video. The fact of the matter is that fighters who know what they are doing is really what the show was created for. It was meant to give quality fighters who may have otherwise been overlooked another shot at rising to the top. See: Bisping, Evans, Sanchez. It was not meant for a bunch of brand-new fighters (some of which hold 1-0 records...no joke) to figure out if they are any good.

The second reason fighters should be a little more experienced is that it allows for more story lines to be created. I defy any other expert in the field to find me a story line for fantastically tangled than Joe Lauzon, fighting on Penn's team (who lost to Pulver), AGAINST Pulver (who Lauzon knocked out as an 11-1 underdog a year earlier). The fighter was able to do something that his coach wasn't WHILE holding a KO over the opposing coach. I'm a creative guy, but I couldn't write that if I tried. If you take away the element of history, you delete the story line that kept me watching all season long.

The UFC should receive suffered ratings as a result of this move and rebound with a season for experienced Middleweights. As long as we don't have to see Chris Leben, it'll be better than this.

Henderson Sheds Light On Sokoudjou's Destination

In an article on July 27th, Irish Whip Fighting announced that Toast Of The Town Rameau Thierry Sokoudjou pulled out of his deal with EliteXC. This created mounds of speculation as to where the man who knocked out Ricardo Arona and Antonio Rogerio Nogueira would land. Although he trains with mostly UFC-composed Team Quest in Portland, Oregon, rumors were swirling that Sokoudjou would head to K-1 and use his well-rounded skills in the world of kickboxing. That is, until today.

In a new interview with PRIDE FC Champion Dan Henderson, Hendo revealed not only that he manages Sokoudjou, but that Sokoudjou has indeed made up his mind as to where he is going to go. In the interview, Henderson mentioned that although his relationship with the UFC was new, it was going well and he expects to end his career in the UFC.

Now, let's piece this together. The man who is managing Sokoudjou is in the UFC, is happy with the UFC, and may be a champion of the UFC come August 24th. Of course, nothing is set in stone and I doubt Henderson would want to have the possibility of facing the younger and more athletic Sokoudjou...but I'd keep my ears open for an announcement during UFC 74.

Does Bisping Deserve Better?

TUF 3 winner Michael Bisping, who is now set to take on Matt Hamill at UFC 75, has routinely expressed his displeasure with this opponent, citing that he should be facing only the best in his climb to the top. The undefeated Brit had this to say on the topic:

“And if he’s hoping that I’m gonna cut corners in training he’ll be very upset when he reads this – because I’m going to Big Bear to train for a month with Rampage Jackson. That’s how keen I am to put on the performance of my life and smash this arrogant egomaniac to bits. I’ve done a complete 180 – I’ve never been so excited and motivated for a fight in my career because I am fighting a guy I can’t stand personally. No way am I losing to this egomaniac – and I am really excited to go to California to train with a fighter of the level of Rampage.”

Bisping also mentioned that he considers it a step backwards since he won The Ultimate Fighter and Hamill did not. Some have called this brash, but I've got to agree...for a number of reasons. First, Bisping is essentially the only real link the UFC has to England. They poured more money into their UFC 70 event than any other in history (as far as advertising goes) in a bid to win over all of Europe. Who was their poster boy? Bisping. Who are they planning the UFC 75 pre-fight activities around? You guessed it. Using Bisping for 2 of 6 fights and then handing him Matt Hamill is plain highway robbery.

Another undefeated TUF fighter, Rashad Evans, got to fight Tito Ortiz and immediately make a name for himself. Bisping has been stuck beating up on old UFC Legends and new guys who no one knows. Had he been offered an opponent of Ortiz's caliber, and been able to pull off a win, he would without a doubt be in higher regard among UFC matchmakers and Sherdoggers alike. Even if Bisping was given his original opponent of Ken Shamrock, he would have been able to make a statement by beating one of the true Legends (not Elvis Sinosic) and start to receive some real attention.

Since none of these decisions have gone Bisping's way, it'll be up to him to prove everyone wrong and make Matt Hamill into his own personal example.

Hybrid MMA vs. Traditional Styles: Which Is The Better Pick?

When beginning training in Mixed Martial Arts, one must make a crucial decision. Is it more beneficial to get a well-rounded MMA experience or instead, focus in on one discipline and learn to master it? This is the essential question behind the idea of MMA and why the UFC was founded in the first place: to determine which fighting style was superior. In looking for that answer, the creators of UFC got more than they bargained for. While intially, it appeared that certain styles were dominant, over time, a hybridization took place. Do fighters benefit from mastering different techniques from various schools of thought or are they just better off knowing one very, very well?

Matt Hughes (pictured) would agree with the first choice: that a hybridization was necessary and benficial to his career. He displayed this most prominently at UFC 60 when he defeated Royce Gracie using a combination of Gracie's very own Jiu-Jitsu coupled with his extensive wrestling background. Gracie, limited in the scope of what he could handle, caved under the different looks Hughes was throwing at him and got grounded and pounded to a loss. Such is the benefit of learning multiple styles of martial arts. They can be switched on and off like a light switch, combined and separated to create the ultimate in distraction and strategy. If a fight can master a striking and a grappling technique (compared to someone in a single discipline, who is only good standing up or only good on the ground), he will have created a strategy capable of taking out any styled opponent. Nick Diaz is a great example of this as he is well-versed in both boxing and jiu-jitsu. In his fight against Robbie Lawler, Diaz elected to stand, picking his spots and eventually knocking out the Ruthless one. More recently, against Takanori Gomi, Diaz took the fight to the floor, executing one of the most difficult submissions in all of MMA, the gogoplata. Chances are, if Diaz was a master of just one of those disciplines, he would not have been able to take both fights. By learning a hybrid style, the embodiment of what Mixed Martial Arts means, a fighter can be dynamic, dangerous, and successful against opponents of any kind.

On the other hand, there is something to be said for perfecting one discipline. Royce Gracie, although defeated by Hughes, ran through every other singular discipline with his take on classic BJJ. Karo Parisyan (pictured) has brought a classic Judo background with him, and has made it work with flying colors, owning wins over Diaz and current Welterweight champ Matt Serra. Many wrestlers, such as Randy Couture and Chuck Liddell, have been very successful while remaining true to their disciplines. While they may throw elements of other styles in from time to time, they will rely on and look to their wrestling backgrounds when it is time to win a fight. If a fighter can use his background in one style as a defensive mechanism in order to open up offense (see: Karo Parisyan), then he may be as successful as a fighter who is constantly switching up techniques in the middle of the fight. Switching to southpaw will often get a fighter knocked out, but switching entire disciplines can get your career ended.

This decision is an important one that every fighter must make at some point in their training. Whether one decides to take a more rounded approach to martial arts or hone in on one style, two facts remain. Fighters have won with each and fighters have lost with each. It is up to the individual practitioner of the sport to decide how hard he will train, how much he will invest, and how much he will get out of it.